The formula calculates a comprehensive roofing estimate by factoring in material costs, waste percentage, pitch adjustments, perimeter components, labor, and optional add-ons like gutters and roof vents. It considers the roof’s area, predominant pitch, and the number of stories, applying multipliers for complexity and story height. Material costs vary by the type (basic, mid-range, premium), while labor costs adjust based on the story count. This formula ensures accurate cost estimation by accounting for all major aspects of a roofing project.